Free Essays on Social Control And Deviance

Social Control Industrialized societies are made up of many competing groups, each with its own history of problems and with its own solutions. Each group also claims a unique identity, a way of life that distinguishes it from other groups in the same society, and its members share these ideas about the way the world is and ought to be. Each group has also developed norms that support its orientations to life. These norms, along with both formal and informal means of enforcing them, constitute a system of social control. Thus, because they participate in the same general culture, the groups in a pluralistic society agree on many things; yet due to their particular histories, they may differ sharply on many others - to the extent that what one group may consider right, another may consider wrong. Up to this point in analysis, functionalists and conflict theorists are in basic agreement about social control. But now they diverge. Functionalism and Social Control Functionalists stress how the various segments of the population in a pluralistic society coexist. As each enforces its own norms on its members, the group can attain a more or less balanced state. Although tensions between them may appear from time to time, the balancing of these tensions produces the whole that we call society. If a group threatens to upset the equilibrium, efforts are made to restore balance. For example, in a pluralistic society, the central government often plays a mediating role between groups. In the United States, the executive, legislative and judicial branches of the government mediate the demands of the various groups that make up society, preventing groups from taking political control (Riesman, 129 -133). This view that society is made up of many competing groups, whose interests manage to become balanced, is broadly representative of the pluralistic theory of social control. Conflict Theory and Social Control Conflict theorists... Free Essays on Social Control And Deviance Free Essays on Social Control And Deviance Social Control Industrialized societies are made up of many competing groups, each with its own history of problems and with its own solutions. Each group also claims a unique identity, a way of life that distinguishes it from other groups in the same society, and its members share these ideas about the way the world is and ought to be. Each group has also developed norms that support its orientations to life. These norms, along with both formal and informal means of enforcing them, constitute a system of social control. Thus, because they participate in the same general culture, the groups in a pluralistic society agree on many things; yet due to their particular histories, they may differ sharply on many others - to the extent that what one group may consider right, another may consider wrong. Up to this point in analysis, functionalists and conflict theorists are in basic agreement about social control. But now they diverge. Functionalism and Social Control Functionalists stress how the various segments of the population in a pluralistic society coexist. As each enforces its own norms on its members, the group can attain a more or less balanced state. Although tensions between them may appear from time to time, the balancing of these tensions produces the whole that we call society. If a group threatens to upset the equilibrium, efforts are made to restore balance. For example, in a pluralistic society, the central government often plays a mediating role between groups. In the United States, the executive, legislative and judicial branches of the government mediate the demands of the various groups that make up society, preventing groups from taking political control (Riesman, 129 -133). This view that society is made up of many competing groups, whose interests manage to become balanced, is broadly representative of the pluralistic theory of social control. Conflict Theory and Social Control Conflict theorists...

Tesco History Corporate strategies, corporate social responsibilities and Advertising

Tesco History Corporate strategies, corporate social responsibilities and Advertising Tesco UPL started in London’s East End. It was founded by Jack Cohen as a one man business. He was a son of a tailor and when he started it, he specialized in selling groceries in the markets of London East End. The company started in 1919 and it adapted its brand name Tesco on 1924.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco History Corporate strategies, corporate social responsibilities and Advertising specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The brand name was delivered from a combination of the initials of its former supplier T.E. Stockwell (TES) with initials (CO) from his surname. Thus, the misconception that the brand name Tesco originated from a combination of his name Jack and his presumed wife Tessa is wrong, since he has never been married to such a woman. Tesco started its first store at Burnt Oak, in 1929 and it started trading its shares in London Stock exchange in 1947. It was in 1956 that it started its fir st self-service store and first supermarket in St Albans and Maldon respectively (Tesco Corporate Profile (2004, para.5). Tesco has expanded greatly to be the biggest chain of supermarket in United. Internationally, it is placed at position four after Wal-Mart of United States on America, Carrefour of France, and the Home Deport also from the United States of America. Tesco has been successful in opening stores in 14 countries in Europe, North America and Asia. The company has expanded his line of production from specializing in selling groceries by also stocking consumer goods, financial services and Telecoms that has enabled it generate revenue of  £3.41 billion annually(Tesco Corporate Profile (2004, para.7). Tesco-Corporate Strategy Tesco’s expansion over the last three decades comprises of a complete change of its strategy and image. In its early years it used a strategy that was known as ‘pile it high, sells it cheap’. This strategy was initiated by Jack Cohen and was very effective by then, but latter it was not successful in selling the brand to the middle-class customers, since they had a poor image for the brand. In 1970s, many consultants recommended a change of the names of its store due to their poor, an issue that was never implemented.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They latter changed their strategy that enabled them establish a well consistent growth that facilitated it in 2005 to become the biggest retailer market in United Kingdom with a domestic grocery market share of 29% compared with 16.8% of Wal-Mart who were formerly dominating the market. The company established a strategy that that was aimed at broadening the scope of the business. This was meant to ensure that the company delivers a strong sustainable long-term growth. This new strategy entailed expanding the domestic markets to offer diversi fied products such as non-food, telecoms and financial services. This strategy which was initiated in 1997 is the one that ensured the growth and success of the company. This strategy comprises of five elements; Core UK: Tesco has the biggest domestic market in United Kingdom. Approximately 70% of their growth and profit occurs in UK. It has over 2,200 stores that have enabled to employ more than 285,000 people. Its expansion in UK happens as a result of extending its established store, opening new store and lastly by the strategy of multi-format approach. Its sale of non-food has greatly boosted the expansion of the company. To sell its products, Tesco has adapted five diverse store formats which are costumed to meet the needs of their customers. They are categorized according to what they stock and size. They include; Express (up to 3,000 sq ft) Tesco has more than 960 such stores that sell a range of up 7,000 products to their customers. They are located close to where their cust omer live and work for convenience while buying. They stock high quality and fresh food stuff, wines and spirit. Metro (approx. 7,000-15,000 sq ft) The company has more than 170 metro. The first metro was established in 1992. Metro are aimed at enhancing the conveniences of shopping in towns and city centers. They stock variety of products including sandwiches and ready-meals, Superstore (approx. 20,000-50,000 sq ft) Tesco have more than 450 such stores that stock a wide range of products. Nowadays they have diverse products that include non-food products such as books and DVDsAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco History Corporate strategies, corporate social responsibilities and Advertising specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Extra (approx. 60,000 sq ft and above) In the United Kingdom, there are over 175 such stores. They stock a wide range of non-food and food products. These products include clothing, health and beauty, electrical equipments and others. The Homeplus is another store that is on trial .They are 10 in numbers and are aimed mostly at stocking on non-food products. Apart from Tesco designing its stores in various formats to suit its customers, it offers its products in a broadened appeal. Tesco is continually investing to expand their line of production to offer their customers a wide variety of products to choose from. Tesco products enable various people to purchase their different products to supplement their lifestyle. For instance, their nutrition labeling educates their customers on the key information that enable them make an informed decision when buying from their stores. The recent economic depression had challenged their business greatly and as a result invented 500 more products that will enable various categories of customers to buy various products at a cheaper price without compromising on quality. Tesco stores are designed to appeal all the classes of their custo mers in reference to their social economic status. They ensure it by forming a slogan named ‘I’m not aware of any other retailer achieving’ this slogan has enabled Tesco appeal to every segment of UK market. Tesco Clubcard is a global leading loyalty card scheme that has information that enable Tesco understands its customer better and give them an opportunity to appreciate their customer for shopping with them. Tesco possess more than 8 million distinct coupons. Each clubcard mailing designed to reflect the type of bid suitable for any of their customer. The company has more than 15 million active cardholders. Tesco is the biggest private employer in UK with a workforce of more than 285,000. The company offers its customers packages of pay and benefit like children care vouchers or Save As you Earn. This is a scheme for saving that enables their customer to purchase shares at a discounted rate (Tesco PLC, 2010 Para. 6).). In summary, Tesco has used the strategy of diversification to become among the leading firms globally.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The ability of the firm to succeed in selling its own-brand to its customers has helped the company make sufficient profit as this strategy ensures that a company retains a higher percentage of the overall profit. Thus, the company has enough resources at its disposal to expand to other places locally and also globally. Another strategy adapted by Tesco is core UK business. This involves stocking of grocery in its home market. This retailing is characterized by very strategic moves that entails opening large scale store in areas that other competing firms have shunned to explore. This strategy gives Tesco the advantage of being the first entrant thus; concentrating on establishing a strong brand in those areas such that other competing firms cannot be able to match its performance when they venture in these areas latter on. Non-food businesses-Apart from being successful in its grocery business, Tesco has also diversified its operations to include non-food products such as cloths, e lectronics, health and beauty products among others. This new diversification has ensured high revenues and especially in Ireland where it records very high revenues due to the sale of CDs. Retailing services;-Tesco has also expanded its operations to offer services such as personal finance. It has succeeded in the retailing services by entering in joints with other main players in the sector. This has strengthened its brand and expanded its customer base. Other competing firms in UK have also adapted this strategy, but Tesco have implemented it more strategically a move that has ensured this venture very profitable (Tesco PLC, 2010 Para. 8). For example, Tesco clients enjoy banking services from Tesco Bank which was initially a joint venture between Tesco and the Royal Banking of Scotland. It gives its customers offers on various products such as loan, credit cards among others. This new service ventures helps the firm record very high profits that assist the firm to venture in new services or areas. Tesco is also engaged in the cell phone industry. It cells various home phones, mobile phone and broadband business to various consumers across the globe. It has liaised with successful experts of existing telecom operators.International-Tesco started to expand outside UK in early 1994, and in 2005 it was successful to globalize approximately 20% of its operations mainly in central Europe and Far East (Tesco PLC, 2010 Para. 10). Tesco Social Responsibilities Buying and selling their products responsibly: Tesco have thousands of suppliers globally. They prefer their suppliers to be innovative and dynamic. To ensure it, they spend approximately  £800m of their turn over in United Kingdom for local sourcing. Tesco verify where their products originate from and also ensure they are produced in accordance to their standards. To achieve a very competent workforce that will be dynamic and very effective, Tesco has trained more than 400 suppliers in China, India, Bangl adesh, Spain and United Kingdom on how to enhance labor Standards to realize a workforce that is self motivated and very competent (Tesco Corporate Social Responsibilities, 2010, Para.2). Protecting the Environment: Tesco is committed in ensuring that its activities have very little negative impact on environmental. It achieves this by leasing with its supplies and encouraging them to ensure they use environmental friendly production methods to minimize pollution. Tesco has a vision to reduce its carbon emission to zero by 2050 by adapting the following strategies. Reducing carbon emission in all the new stores they will erect and the existing ones by 2020(Tesco Corporate Social Responsibilities, 2010, Para.3). Creating good jobs and careers:-Tesco employees are more than 285,000. Thus, Tesco expansion is an assurance that it will continue to give people more employment opportunities that assure them of a daily source of income for themselves and their families (Tesco Corporate Soci al Responsibilities, 2010, Para.3). Assisting customers make healthy choices:-Tesco products are labeled accordingly to assist various customers make informed decisions, while buying from their stores. They encourage their customers to purchase and eat more vegetables and fruits. It is done by offering discounts and promotions on such products. They occasionally take direct roles to ensure that their customers get healthy. They encourage people to lead active lifestyles. Healthy lifestyle helps one to balance the energy they consume to the one they expend. Some of the strategies it has adapted to make sure people live healthy lifestyles is by supporting aerobics and soccer tournaments for its customers (Tesco Corporate Social Responsibilities, 2010, Para.4). Advertisements Tesco capitalizes on the power of strategic advertisement to sell its brand locally and globally. It is noted as one company that uses very many advertisements yearly. It’s advertisements emphasis about aff ordable prices for their products and on healthy living. Tesco’s marketing department is very dynamic and innovative on the most successive advert to employ. The following are examples of adverts that have been used in the past; in 1982 it used its famous advert referred as Checkout 82 .this advert involved a till with receipt coming from it with various prices. In 2003 Tesco advertised through adverts that comprised of items and shopping trolley that contained information about Tesco. Currently, Tesco is using adverts that comprises of celebrates such as the Spice Girls In conclusion, Tesco can be considered as a very successful company that originated from scratch to become a global company through its strategic chose of its corporate strategy, Social responsibility and Advertising. Thus, it can be a good role model for those upcoming companies that they can live beyond their odds to become among the leading organizations in the world. Reference List Tesco Corporate Profile (2004). Retrieved from  https://corporatewatch.org/tesco-company-profile/ Tesco Corporate Social Responsibilities (2010). Retrieved from  https://www.tesco-programmes.com/ Tesco PLC (2010) .Tesco Strategy. Retrieved from  https://www.tescoplc.com/about-us/

Poems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Poems - Assignment Example It is same for everyone. Titanic by David R. Slavitt is an emotional poem that takes the reader back to the historical tragedy of Titanic, the ship, which drowned because of striking against an ice glacier. The poem takes the theme of celebrated death in consideration. According to Slavitt, death at Titanic was a celebrated death as people died with some companions as they were â€Å"with crowds of people, friends, servants, well fed, with music, with light†. The poet emphasizes that usually people die alone as he says, â€Å"We all go down, mostly alone† but in Titanic, people were with many others. The metaphor of cold water as anesthetic is used in order to reveal the numbness of both for the people. Death was easier to come because of the numbness of cold water. The phrase, â€Å"We all go† that is used multiple times in the poem is again revealing about the inevitability of death. On my father’s loss of hearing written by Joanne Diaz informs about the blessings that deaf people have in an ironic tone. The theme of the poem is deafness and loss. the speaker informs about his father who has lost his hearing power. The speaker counts the blessings that his father has because of being deaf. He is unable to hear annoying sounds such as sounds of â€Å"phone calls†, â€Å"crack of thawing ice† and â€Å"scrape of his dull rake†. He is blessed because he has to bear â€Å"no noisome cruelty, no baffled rage, no ageing children sullen in their lack†. He is free from all these sufferings. He is not disabled but â€Å"abled